{"id":2700,"date":"2020-05-10T23:38:32","date_gmt":"2020-05-10T23:38:32","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/lonecandle.com\/?p=2700"},"modified":"2020-05-10T23:38:32","modified_gmt":"2020-05-10T23:38:32","slug":"middle-class-welfare-the-pros-and-cons-of-employer-sponsored-health-insurance-sources","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lonecandle.com\/?p=2700","title":{"rendered":"Middle Class Welfare: The Pros and Cons of Employer Sponsored Health Insurance: Sources"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>What\u2019s Wrong with Employer Sponsored Health Insurance<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ed Dolan. 11 6 2018. Niskanen Center. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-wordpress wp-block-embed is-type-wp-embed is-provider-niskanen-center\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"HXGWspBNsS\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.niskanencenter.org\/whats-wrong-with-employer-sponsored-health-insurance\/\">What\u2019s Wrong with Employer Sponsored Health Insurance<\/a><\/blockquote><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;What\u2019s Wrong with Employer Sponsored Health Insurance&#8221; &#8212; Niskanen Center\" src=\"https:\/\/www.niskanencenter.org\/whats-wrong-with-employer-sponsored-health-insurance\/embed\/#?secret=0anubJyfLX#?secret=HXGWspBNsS\" data-secret=\"HXGWspBNsS\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Real Reason the U.S. Has Employer-Sponsored Health Insurance<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Aaron E. Carroll. 9 5 2017. New York Times. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-wordpress wp-block-embed is-type-wp-embed is-provider-the-new-york-times\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" title=\"The Real Reason the U.S. Has Employer-Sponsored Health Insurance\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/svc\/oembed\/html\/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2017%2F09%2F05%2Fupshot%2Fthe-real-reason-the-us-has-employer-sponsored-health-insurance.html#?secret=5JKMHM97rF\" data-secret=\"5JKMHM97rF\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Column: The health insurance tax exemption makes care more affordable, not\nless<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Joseph White. 8 17 2017. PBS. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Reconnecting health care policy with economics: Finding &amp; fixing distortive\nincentives<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1 4 2018. American Enterprise Institute<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-youtube wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Reconnecting health care policy with economics: Finding &amp; fixing distortive incentives | LIVE STREAM\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/hlfyr3XjWcQ?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Column: A tax reform President Trump should like, and you should too<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Yevgeniy Feyman and Charles Blahous. 8 16 2017. PBS. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pbs.org\/newshour\/economy\/column-tax-reform-president-trump-like\">https:\/\/www.pbs.org\/newshour\/economy\/column-tax-reform-president-trump-like<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Reform The \u2018Cadillac Tax\u2019 To Target Rich Benefits, Not High Costs<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Joseph White. 3 16 2016. Health Affairs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Rethinking the Affordable Care Act\u2019s \u201cCadillac Tax\u201d: A More Equitable Way\nto Encourage \u201cChevy\u201d Consumption<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sarah Nowak and Christine Eibner. 12 18 2015. The Commonwealth Fund. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.commonwealthfund.org\/publications\/issue-briefs\/2015\/dec\/rethinking-affordable-care-acts-cadillac-tax-more-equitable-way?redirect_source=\/publications\/issue-briefs\/2015\/dec\/aca-cadillac-tax\">https:\/\/www.commonwealthfund.org\/publications\/issue-briefs\/2015\/dec\/rethinking-affordable-care-acts-cadillac-tax-more-equitable-way?redirect_source=\/publications\/issue-briefs\/2015\/dec\/aca-cadillac-tax<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Is the tax exclusion for employer-sponsored insurance regressive?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Harold Pollack. 3 29 2017. The Incidental Economist. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-wordpress wp-block-embed is-type-wp-embed is-provider-the-incidental-economist\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"35oiHvM8Im\"><a href=\"https:\/\/theincidentaleconomist.com\/wordpress\/is-the-tax-exclusion-for-employer-sponsored-insurance-regressive\/\">Is the tax exclusion for employer-sponsored insurance regressive?<\/a><\/blockquote><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Is the tax exclusion for employer-sponsored insurance regressive?&#8221; &#8212; The Incidental Economist\" src=\"https:\/\/theincidentaleconomist.com\/wordpress\/is-the-tax-exclusion-for-employer-sponsored-insurance-regressive\/embed\/#?secret=L5Ok9xqRzJ#?secret=35oiHvM8Im\" data-secret=\"35oiHvM8Im\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Health Care Reform (U1025)<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Milton Friedman. 1992. Free To Choose\nNetwork. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-youtube wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-embed-aspect-4-3 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Health Care Reform (U1025) - Full Video\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/hmKhOibhfZw?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tax Debate<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Susan Jaffe. 7 9 2009. Health Affairs. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthaffairs.org\/do\/10.1377\/hpb20090709.191012\/full\/\">https:\/\/www.healthaffairs.org\/do\/10.1377\/hpb20090709.191012\/full\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Employer Premiums and the ACA<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Lori Robertson. 3 14 2017. FactCheck.ORG<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-wordpress wp-block-embed is-type-wp-embed is-provider-factcheck-org\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\nhttps:\/\/www.factcheck.org\/2017\/03\/employer-premiums-and-the-aca\/\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Trends in Employer Health Care Coverage, 2008\u20132018: Higher Costs for\nWorkers and Their Families<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sara R. Collins, David C. Radley, and Jesse C. Baumgartner. 11 21 2019. The\nCommonwealth Fund. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.commonwealthfund.org\/publications\/2019\/nov\/trends-employer-health-care-coverage-2008-2018\">https:\/\/www.commonwealthfund.org\/publications\/2019\/nov\/trends-employer-health-care-coverage-2008-2018<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Government-Funded Health Insurance Is Essential for the Free Market&#8217;s\nSurvival<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Allan Golombek. 6 17 2019. RealClearMarkets. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.realclearmarkets.com\/articles\/2019\/06\/17\/government-funded_health_insurance_is_essential_for_the_free_markets_survival_103783.html\">https:\/\/www.realclearmarkets.com\/articles\/2019\/06\/17\/government-funded_health_insurance_is_essential_for_the_free_markets_survival_103783.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Why your <\/strong>employer-sponsored<strong>\ninsurance may ultimately not be good for&nbsp;you<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dana Goldman. 9 9 2019. The Conversation. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/why-your-employer-sponsored-insurance-may-ultimately-not-be-good-for-you-121859\">https:\/\/theconversation.com\/why-your-employer-sponsored-insurance-may-ultimately-not-be-good-for-you-121859<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Job Lock and Employer-Provided Health\nInsurance:Evidence from the Literature<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dean Baker. 3 2015. AARP. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aarp.org\/content\/dam\/aarp\/ppi\/2015-03\/JobLock-Report.pdf\">https:\/\/www.aarp.org\/content\/dam\/aarp\/ppi\/2015-03\/JobLock-Report.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Does non-employment based health insurance promote\nentrepreneurship? Evidence from a policy experiment in China<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Lulu Liu and Yuting Zhang. 3 2018. Journal of\nComparative Economics. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0147596717300318\">https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0147596717300318<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How Doctors Broke Health Care<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Christy Ford Chapin. 5 2020. Reason Magazine. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-wordpress wp-block-embed is-type-wp-embed is-provider-reason-com\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"j3MBR7GALj\"><a href=\"https:\/\/reason.com\/2020\/04\/05\/how-doctors-broke-health-care\/\">How Doctors Broke Health Care<\/a><\/blockquote><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;How Doctors Broke Health Care&#8221; &#8212; Reason.com\" src=\"https:\/\/reason.com\/2020\/04\/05\/how-doctors-broke-health-care\/embed\/#?secret=KL32RvtBrk#?secret=j3MBR7GALj\" data-secret=\"j3MBR7GALj\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Employer-Sponsored Insurance, Health Care Cost Growth, and the Economic\nPerformance of U.S. Industries<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Neeraj Sood, Arkadipta Ghosh, and Jos\u00e9 J Escarce. 10 2009. Health Services\nResearch. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2754542\/\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2754542\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Perspective: Who Pays For Employer-Sponsored Health Insurance?<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Linda J. Blumberg. 12 1999. HealthAffairs. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Employer-Sponsored Health Insurance and Health Reform<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th National Bureau of Economic Research. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nber.org\/aginghealth\/2009no2\/w14839.html\">https:\/\/www.nber.org\/aginghealth\/2009no2\/w14839.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Employer-sponsored health insurance isn\u2019t going away. That\u2019s a good thing<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rajaie Batniji. 9 4 2018. STAT. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-wordpress wp-block-embed is-type-wp-embed is-provider-stat\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"wE0pLdIx7R\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.statnews.com\/2018\/09\/04\/employer-sponsored-health-insurance-is-a-good-thing\/\">Employer-sponsored health insurance isn&#8217;t going away. That&#8217;s a good thing<\/a><\/blockquote><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Employer-sponsored health insurance isn&#8217;t going away. That&#8217;s a good thing&#8221; &#8212; STAT\" src=\"https:\/\/www.statnews.com\/2018\/09\/04\/employer-sponsored-health-insurance-is-a-good-thing\/embed\/#?secret=eanmD32BCl#?secret=wE0pLdIx7R\" data-secret=\"wE0pLdIx7R\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Decline of Employer-Sponsored Health Insurance<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">David Blumenthal. 12 5 2017. The Commonwealth Fund. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.commonwealthfund.org\/blog\/2017\/decline-employer-sponsored-health-insurance\">https:\/\/www.commonwealthfund.org\/blog\/2017\/decline-employer-sponsored-health-insurance<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Employer-SponsoredHealth Insurance and thePromise\nof HealthInsurance Reform<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Thomas C. Buchmueller and Alan C. Monheit.\nSummer 2009. Inquiry. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.5034\/inquiryjrnl_46.02.187\">https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.5034\/inquiryjrnl_46.02.187<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Funding Employer-based Insurance:\nRegressive Taxation and Premium Exclusions<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Zhigang Feng and Anne Villamil. 1 31 2018. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.frbatlanta.org\/~\/media\/Documents\/research\/seminars\/2018\/feng-051518.pdf\">https:\/\/www.frbatlanta.org\/~\/media\/Documents\/research\/seminars\/2018\/feng-051518.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cU.S. employer-based health insurance (EHI)\npremiums are not subject to income or pay-roll taxes. This is regressive\ntaxation because higher income individuals face higher marginaltax rates, which\ngives a higher EHI subsidy. We show this regressive policy mitigates mis-allocation\nbetween firm and self-employment from non-contractible heterogeneity in talent and\nhealth shocks. In our general equilibrium model, removing tax exclusion raises\ninsurance premiums by 67%, coverage falls to 26.9%, and welfare decreases 1.9%\ndue to reduced risk sharing and misallocation. If tax exclusion is extended to\nprivate insurance, coverage increases to 97.2%, workers\u2019 taxes fall, and\nwelfare increases 0.3%.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Employment-based health insurance and misallocation:\nImplications for the macroeconomy<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">David Chivers, Zhigang Feng, and Anne\nVillamil. 1 2017. Review of Economic Dynamics. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1094202516300278\">https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1094202516300278<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cMost working-age Americans obtain\nhealth insurance through the workplace. U.S. law requires employers to use a\ncommon price, but the value of insurance varies with idiosyncratic health risk.\nHence, linking employment and health insurance creates a wedge between the\nmarginal cost and benefit of insurance. We study the impact of this wedge on\noccupational choice and welfare in a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/economics-econometrics-and-finance\/general-equilibrium\">general\nequilibrium<\/a> model. Agents face idiosyncratic health expenditure shocks,\nhave heterogeneous managerial and worker productivity, and choose whether to be\nworkers or entrepreneurs. First, we consider a private insurance indemnity\npolicy that removes the link between employment and health insurance, so only\nability matters for occupational choice. By construction, this is the most\nefficient policy. We find a welfare gain of 2.28% from decoupling health\ninsurance and employment. Second, we tighten the link by increasing\nemployment-based health insurance from the current U.S. level of 62% to 100%,\nand find a welfare loss of \u2013 0.61%.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Employment-based health insurance and aggregate\nlabor supply<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0167268118302142\">https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0167268118302142<\/a><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Zhigang Feng and Kai Zhao. 10 2018. Journal of Economic Behavior &amp; Organization.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cWe find that the employment-based health insurance system provides\nAmericans with an extra incentive to work and work full-time. In a calibrated\nversion of the model, we assess the extent to which the different health\ninsurance systems account for the differences in employment rate and\nfull-time\/part-time shares of workers between the U.S. and European countries.\nOur quantitative results suggest that the different health insurance systems\ncan account for a significant fraction of the differences in employment rate\nand full-time\/part-time shares of workers between the two regions. In addition,\nwe find that the employment-based health insurance system is one of the reasons\nwhy many Americans work more than Europeans.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">EFFECTS OF HEALTH INSURANCE ON LABOUR SUPPLY <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nga Le, Wim Groot, Sonila M. Tomini, and Florian Tomini. 7 1 2019. International\nJournal of Manpower. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/IJM-02-2018-0038\/full\/html?journalCode=ijm&amp;utm_source=TrendMD&amp;utm_medium=cpc&amp;utm_campaign=International_Journal_of_Manpower_TrendMD_1&amp;WT.mc_id=Emerald_TrendMD_1\">https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/IJM-02-2018-0038\/full\/html?journalCode=ijm&amp;utm_source=TrendMD&amp;utm_medium=cpc&amp;utm_campaign=International_Journal_of_Manpower_TrendMD_1&amp;WT.mc_id=Emerald_TrendMD_1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"file:\/\/\/C:\/Users\/ajk13\/AppData\/Local\/Temp\/wp2017-017.pdf\">file:\/\/\/C:\/Users\/ajk13\/AppData\/Local\/Temp\/wp2017-017.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Let them Have Choice: Gains from Shifting Away from Employer-Sponsored\nHealth Insurance and Toward an Individual Exchange<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Leemore Dafny, Katherine Ho, and\nMauricio Varela. 1 2010. The National Bureau of Economic Research. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nber.org\/papers\/w15687\">https:\/\/www.nber.org\/papers\/w15687<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.5 million workers likely lost their employer-provided health insurance in\nthe past two weeks <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ben Zipperer and Josh Bivens. 4 2 2020. EPI. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-wordpress wp-block-embed is-type-wp-embed is-provider-economic-policy-institute\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"UkgWDgNln7\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.epi.org\/blog\/3-5-million-workers-likely-lost-their-employer-provided-health-insurance-in-the-past-two-weeks\/\">3.5 million workers likely lost their employer-provided health insurance in the past two weeks<\/a><\/blockquote><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;3.5 million workers likely lost their employer-provided health insurance in the past two weeks&#8221; &#8212; Economic Policy Institute\" src=\"https:\/\/www.epi.org\/blog\/3-5-million-workers-likely-lost-their-employer-provided-health-insurance-in-the-past-two-weeks\/embed\/#?secret=CrVu0jPBee#?secret=UkgWDgNln7\" data-secret=\"UkgWDgNln7\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Is There a\nLink Between Employer-Provided Health Insurance and Job Mobility? Evidence from\nRecent Micro Data<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Benjamin W. Chute and Phanindra V. Wunnava. 4\n2015. IZA.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"http:\/\/ftp.iza.org\/dp8989.pdf\">http:\/\/ftp.iza.org\/dp8989.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Health care is getting more and more expensive, and low-wage workers are\nbearing more of the cost<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tara Golshan. 9 30 2019. Vox.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.vox.com\/policy-and-politics\/2019\/9\/30\/20891305\/health-care-employer-sponsored-premiums-cost-voxcare\">https:\/\/www.vox.com\/policy-and-politics\/2019\/9\/30\/20891305\/health-care-employer-sponsored-premiums-cost-voxcare<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Estimates Of Federal Tax Expenditures For Fiscal Years\n2019-2023<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Joint Committee on Taxation. 12 18 2019. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jct.gov\/publications.html?func=startdown&amp;id=5238\">https:\/\/www.jct.gov\/publications.html?func=startdown&amp;id=5238<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What are the largest tax expenditures?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tax Policy Center. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.taxpolicycenter.org\/briefing-book\/what-are-largest-tax-expenditures\">https:\/\/www.taxpolicycenter.org\/briefing-book\/what-are-largest-tax-expenditures<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Fetishization of Employer-Provided Health Care<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Libby Watson. 9 27 2019. The New Republic. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/newrepublic.com\/article\/155190\/fetishization-employer-provided-health-care\">https:\/\/newrepublic.com\/article\/155190\/fetishization-employer-provided-health-care<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Employer Health Insurance Versus Individual Plans<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Medical Mutual. <\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.medmutual.com\/For-Individuals-and-Families\/Health-Insurance-Education\/Health-Insurance-Basics\/Employer-vs-Individual-Health-Insurance.aspx\">https:\/\/www.medmutual.com\/For-Individuals-and-Families\/Health-Insurance-Education\/Health-Insurance-Basics\/Employer-vs-Individual-Health-Insurance.aspx<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Federal Subsidies for Health Insurance Coverage\nfor People Under Age 65: 2019 to 2029<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">CBO. 5 2019. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbo.gov\/system\/files\/2019-05\/55085-HealthCoverageSubsidies_0.pdf\">https:\/\/www.cbo.gov\/system\/files\/2019-05\/55085-HealthCoverageSubsidies_0.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How Can You Afford Health Insurance If You&#8217;re Not Subsidy-Eligible?<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Louise Norris. 2 22 2020. Verywellhealth. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/how-can-you-afford-health-insurance-if-you-re-not-subsidy-eligible-4172180\">https:\/\/www.verywellhealth.com\/how-can-you-afford-health-insurance-if-you-re-not-subsidy-eligible-4172180<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Do 160 Million Americans Really Like Their Health Plans? Kind Of<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Shefali Luthra. 11 21 2019. Kaiser Health News. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-wordpress wp-block-embed is-type-wp-embed is-provider-kaiser-health-news\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\nhttps:\/\/khn.org\/news\/do-160-million-americans-really-like-their-health-plans-kind-of\/\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Satisfaction with employer-based coverage not guaranteed<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Merrill Goozner. 1 25 2020. Modern Healthcare. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.modernhealthcare.com\/opinion-editorial\/satisfaction-employer-based-coverage-not-guaranteed\">https:\/\/www.modernhealthcare.com\/opinion-editorial\/satisfaction-employer-based-coverage-not-guaranteed<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Federal Subsidies for Health Insurance Coverage for\nPeople Under Age 65: 2019 to 2029<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Congressional\nBudget Office. 5 2 2019. <\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbo.gov\/publication\/55085\">https:\/\/www.cbo.gov\/publication\/55085<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Myths vs. Facts on Employer Sponsored Health Care Coverage, James Gelfand<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">James Gelfand. 9 28 2017. The Alliance. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-youtube wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-embed-aspect-4-3 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\nhttps:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=f-fV9lCAzaM\n<\/div><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What\u2019s Wrong with Employer Sponsored Health Insurance Ed Dolan. 11 6 2018. Niskanen Center. The Real Reason the U.S. Has Employer-Sponsored Health Insurance Aaron E. Carroll. 9 5 2017. New York Times. Column: The health insurance tax exemption makes care more affordable,<\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/lonecandle.com\/?p=2700\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[692],"tags":[715,81,334,80,73,774,775,684,75],"class_list":["post-2700","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-video-sources","tag-employer-sponsered-health-insurance","tag-health","tag-health-insurance","tag-health-system","tag-healthcare","tag-job-lock","tag-joblock","tag-middle-class-welfare","tag-price-of-healthcare"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lonecandle.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2700","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lonecandle.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lonecandle.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lonecandle.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lonecandle.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2700"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/lonecandle.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2700\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2701,"href":"https:\/\/lonecandle.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2700\/revisions\/2701"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lonecandle.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2700"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lonecandle.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2700"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lonecandle.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2700"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}